Digital Marketing Definitions:
SEO, GEO and AI

AI-Augmented Digital Marketing

An approach that combines human marketing expertise with artificial intelligence:

AI analyzes the data, predicts outcomes and automates campaign execution, while strategy stays in human hands.

In short, SMBs now have access to analytical capabilities that were once reserved for large corporations.

AI-augmented digital marketing has its own vocabulary — and knowing it helps you make better decisions.

Here are plain definitions of the terms we use every day with Quebec SMBs, without the needless jargon.

Search and Visibility

How a business gets found — in the links, and in the answers.

SEO (Search Engine Optimization)

Organic search: the set of techniques — content, structure, authority, speed — that position a website in Google’s search results. Good SEO brings a durable flow of qualified visitors without paying for every click, and it is the foundation GEO is built on.

GEO (Generative Engine Optimization)

Optimizing for generative engines: making sure a business is cited and recommended in the answers given by ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, Copilot and Google’s AI Overviews. Where SEO aims for a position in a list of links, GEO aims for a place inside the answer itself. The two disciplines are complementary and inseparable.

AEO (Answer Engine Optimization)

A close cousin of GEO, AEO targets “answer engines”: structuring your content — questions and answers, definitions, data — so it can be lifted as a direct answer, in Google’s featured snippets as much as in AI assistants.

AI Overviews

Google’s AI-generated summaries, displayed above the classic search results. They answer the user’s question directly while citing only a handful of sources — being in those sources, or not, changes a company’s visibility radically.

Local SEO

The set of signals that make a business appear in geolocated results and on Google Maps: a complete Google Business Profile, consistency of name, address and phone number across the web, and customer reviews. For an SMB serving a region, it is often the highest-return lever available.

Local Google Visibility tool

GEO Score

Our in-house indicator, measured free of charge by the AI Visibility – GEO Score tool: it assesses how present a business is in the answers of the main generative engines on its commercial queries, and compares it to its competitors.

Technical SEO and Content

What happens under the hood, and decides whether you are understood.

Keyword and Search Intent

The keyword is what someone types; the intent is what they are actually after. “SEO checker” and “SEO agency Montreal” cover the same subject but not the same expectation — one wants a tool, the other wants a supplier. Writing for the keyword without reading the intent produces pages that rank and do not convert.

Readability and Keyword Checker tool

Internal Linking

The links that connect your own pages to each other. They guide the visitor, but above all they distribute authority and tell search engines which pages matter. A page nothing else points to is a page Google treats as secondary.

Backlink

A link pointing to your site from another site. It is the main measure of authority in a search engine’s eyes: one link from a recognized publication outweighs a hundred from directories. Quality beats quantity, without exception.

E-E-A-T

Experience, expertise, authoritativeness, trustworthiness: the four criteria Google uses to judge the credibility of a piece of content and of whoever signs it. Not a direct ranking factor, but what determines what search engines — and increasingly AI models — are willing to cite.

Core Web Vitals

The three measures Google uses to judge a page’s technical experience: how fast the main content appears, how quickly the page responds to clicks, and how visually stable it stays while loading. A slow site loses its visitors before a search engine has even had its say.

Website Conversion Check tool

Structured Data (Schema.org)

Invisible markup added to a site’s code to describe its content precisely to machines: the company, its services, FAQs, articles, reviews. It is the native language of search engines and LLMs — a well-marked-up site is better understood, better displayed and more often cited.

Structured Data Checker tool

Artificial Intelligence

The words everyone uses daily without always mastering them.

Generative AI

The family of artificial intelligence systems able to produce original content — text, images, code — from an instruction. ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini are its best-known representatives. In marketing it speeds up content creation, personalization and analysis; properly governed, it multiplies a team’s output without replacing it.

LLM (large language model)

The engine behind generative AI: a model trained on vast bodies of text, able to understand and produce natural language. When a prospective client asks an LLM “which marketing agency should I choose in Montreal?”, it is your GEO visibility that decides whether your name appears in the answer.

Prompt

The instruction given to a generative AI. The quality of the answer depends almost entirely on its precision: context, role, expected format, constraints. A vague prompt produces generic text — the single biggest reason AI content is recognizable at a glance.

Hallucination

When an AI produces false information with the same confidence as true information: an invented statistic, a source that does not exist, a quote attributed to the wrong person. The model is not lying, it is completing — hence the duty to verify every publishable fact.

Using AI in Marketing Without the Traps 

RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)

Without RAG, an AI answers from memory — like someone reciting what they read two years ago. With RAG, it first goes and fetches current documents, reads them, then answers while citing its sources. That is what you are seeing when ChatGPT or Perplexity show links beneath an answer. What matters for you: it does not take your whole page, only a few paragraphs. A short, clear passage that stands on its own is far likelier to be the one it quotes.

AI Agent

An AI you hand a task to rather than a question: it plans, uses tools, chains steps together and comes back with a result. The difference from a conversational assistant is the difference between advice and execution.

Conversion and Clientele

What turns a visitor into a client.

Conversion and Conversion Rate

A conversion is the action you want from a visitor: a quote request, a call, a purchase, a sign-up. The conversion rate measures the share of visitors who complete it. It is the metric that rules them all: doubling your conversion rate is worth more — and usually costs less — than doubling your traffic.

Conversion Funnel

The path by which a stranger becomes a customer, step by step. Every step loses people; the useful question is not “how many convert?” but “at which step are we losing them, and why?”.

Website Conversion Check tool

Lead (Prospect)

A contact who has shown interest by leaving their details. A qualified lead additionally matches your target clientele and a real need: a hundred leads of which three are qualified are worth less than ten of which seven are.

Persona

A composite portrait of your typical client: their role, their constraints, what they are looking for, what holds them back. Done well, it settles editorial arguments. Done badly — age, gender, hobbies — it serves no purpose at all.

Measurement and Performance

The numbers that tell you whether it works.

KPI (Key Performance Indicator)

The handful of numbers that tell you whether your marketing is working. The trap is not having too few, it is tracking too many: a forty-line dashboard does not get read. Three to five indicators tied to your business objectives beat everything your tools are capable of measuring.

CPA (Cost Per Acquisition)

The handful of numbers that tell you whether your marketing is working. The trap is not having too few, it is tracking too many: a forty-line dashboard does not get read. Three to five indicators tied to your business objectives beat everything your tools are capable of measuring.

ROAS (Return on Ad Spend)

The revenue generated for every dollar invested in advertising. A ROAS of 4 means $1,000 of budget returned $4,000 in sales. Where CPA measures what a customer costs you, ROAS measures what they bring back: the two are read together, never apart.

Attribution

The method that decides which channel deserves credit for a conversion. A customer saw an ad, read two articles, then called: who gets the sale? Most companies credit the last click by default, which badly underrates the channels that start a decision rather than close it.

GUIDEHow to Improve Your Marketing ROI With AI

GA4 (Google Analytics 4)

Google’s current measurement tool, built on events rather than page views. More powerful than its predecessor, and markedly less intuitive: misconfigured, it produces wrong numbers with a great deal of confidence.

Complaicen and Personal Data

What Quebec law requires of your marketing.

Law 25 (Loi 25)

Quebec’s personal information protection law, fully in force since 2024. It governs the collection of data on your site — forms, cookies, analytics — and requires transparency and consent. Any digital marketing strategy in Quebec has to be built in compliance; check yours with our Law 25 Compliance tool.

Consent and cookies

A cookie is a small file dropped into a visitor’s browser to recognize them or measure their behaviour. Under Law 25, most of these require free, informed and prior consent: the banner must make refusing as easy as accepting, and that refusal has to be honoured by your measurement tools.